10 Essential Categories to consider when preparing for a day or overnight outdoor trip

For all of you readers gearing up for weekend adventures, here is a list of 10 essential categories to consider when preparing for a day or overnight outdoor trip:

1. NAVIGATION – Map, compass, and GPS system

Navigation systems are used when planning your route before your trip, and when you need help orienting yourself in your surroundings during your activity. Know how to use a topographical or relief map as well as your compass or GPS unit before going out.

2.SUN PROTECTION – Sunglasses, hat, sunscreen

Sun protection is necessary to protect your skin and eyes against harsh UV rays that are responsible for sunburns and skin cancer. Consider using sunglasses, sunscreen, and hats. Sun-protection clothing such as pants and long sleeve shirts can also help minimize your exposure to the sun.

3.INSULATION – Jacket, hat, gloves, rain shell, and thermal clothing

Nature is unpredictable. Be prepared for sudden changes in weather conditions. Pack an extra layer of clothing that reflects the most extreme conditions you could encounter.

4. ILLUMINATION – Flashlight, lanterns, and headlamp

Lighting is indispensable in the outdoors where no conventional light sources can be found. Items include flashlights, lanterns, and headlamps. Headlamps are the preferred light source because they are hands-free. Be sure to pack extra batteries.

5. FIRST-AID SUPPLIES – First Aid Kit

Be prepared for emergencies by packing first-aid supplies with you. Start with a pre-made kit and modify it to fit your trip and your medical needs. Check the expiration date on all items and replace them as needed. Consider including an emergency guide in case you are faced with an unfamiliar medical emergency.

6. FIRE – Matches, lighter and fire starters

Fire can be an emergency signal and a heat source for cooking and staying warm. Pack matches (preferably waterproof) and fire starters - items that catch fire quickly and sustain a flame (e.g. lighter). Familiarize yourself with the fire use regulations of your park before heading out. Learn more about campfires.
Illustration of multi-purpose pocketknife and duct tape

7. REPAIR KIT AND TOOLS – Duct tape, knife, screwdriver, and scissors

Carry a basic repair kit with you to help repair equipment. The kit should include items such as duct tape, a knife, and scissors. Consider packing a multi-tool, a compact version of many tools that can include a knife, screwdriver, can opener, etc. Be sure to bring any tools specific to your trip and your activity.

8. NUTRITION - Food

You should always be prepared for the possibility of changes to your trip plans. Pack an extra day's supply of food, preferably no-cook items that have good nutritional value in order to keep your energy high. Salty and easy to digest snacks (e.g. trail mix, nuts, and granola bars) work well for outdoor activities.

9. Water and water treatment supplies

Staying hydrated on your trip is of utmost importance! Physical activity increases your risk of dehydration (loss of water and salts from the body), which can lead to negative health consequences. If you’re active outdoors (hiking, biking, running, swimming, etc.), especially in hot weather, you should drink water often and before you feel thirsty. Prepare your water before you need it and do not allow yourself to become dehydrated. Before heading out on your trip, be sure to identify if there are any bodies of water at your destination that you could collect water from and treat using your water treatment supplies. Learn more about purifying water.

10. EMERGENCY SHELTER – Tent, space blanket, tarp, etc.

Shelter is one of the most important elements during an overnight trip or emergency survival situation. It can protect you from severe weather conditions and exposure to harmful elements. A tent, tarp, bivouac sack, or emergency space blanket are all light weight options for overnight camping and emergency shelter situations.

Have fun. Be safe. And let the adventures begin!

Source: The National Park Service, Moutaineering: The Freedom of the HiIlls, 8th Edition, 2010